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      Ramping

      Ramping refers to a change in power flow (or power generation) from one time unit to the next. Ramping restrictions limit the allowed net flow variations on consecutive hours on specific lines. 

      Ramping restrictions include information about flow in the last hour from the previous day in the calculation.

      In the day-ahead and intraday markets, all trading across HVDC (high-voltage direct current) cables is subject to a ramping restriction of 600 MW. The restrictions imply that trade plans on all HVDC connections cannot be changed by more than 600 MW from one hour to the next. This restriction can be put on each of the cables individually or on a set of cables.

      Handling of ramping restrictions in day-ahead price calculation

      HVDC connections listed below are all subject to specific ramping restrictions. The restrictions have been imposed by the national transmission system operators Svenska Kraftnät, Energinet and Statnett.

      Ramping restriction between the Nordic system and the Continent is imposed separately on the links below.

      In addition, there is also a joint restriction for KontiSkan and Skagerrak. The ramping restriction sets a limit on the total change of flow on the two connections combined.

      Name 

      Connection points

      Konti-Skan SE3 <-> DK1
      Skagerrak NO2 <-> DK1
      COBRAcable NL <-> DK1
      NorNed NO2 <-> NL
      NordLink NO2 <-> GER
      Kontek GER <-> DK2
      SwePol SE4 <-> PL
      Baltic Cable SE4 <-> GER
      Estlink FI <-> EE
      Storebelt DK1 <-> DK2
      NordBalt LT <-> SE4
      LitPol PL <-> LT

      Reasons for ramping restrictions

      When imposing ramping restrictions, the Nordic transmission system operators have stated that frequent large changes in production and flow in the grid make it more difficult to control the frequency. The transmission system operators are therefore imposing ramping restrictions on HVDC connections in order to reduce risks that might threaten security of supply.

      Without restricting the maximum change of flow per hour (ramping) on interconnectors, very large ancillary services and operational reserves would be needed to handle imbalances within operative hours.

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        1325 Lysaker, Norway

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